Bootstrap confidence intervals for effects of electronic peak load pricing on public transport demand

被引:0
作者
Laurenz, Karolyn [1 ]
Keuchel, Stephan [1 ]
机构
[1] Westphalian Univ Appl Sci, Recklinghausen, Germany
来源
EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES AND MODELS FOR TRANSPORT AND MOBILITY | 2017年 / 26卷
关键词
public transport; electronic ticketing; peak load pricing; bootstrap confidence interval; discrete choice;
D O I
10.1016/j.trpro.2017.07.012
中图分类号
U [交通运输];
学科分类号
08 ; 0823 ;
摘要
In the public transport system of the city of Minster / Germany electronic ticketing has been introduced. Subsequently flexible electronic fares in public transport have been established in order to conduct peak load pricing. The pricing scheme for the new annual season ticket named FlexAbo consists of a low basic fare per month, an incremental fare per day with trips during the defined peak time limited by a maximum monthly fare. Before launching the FlexAbo a large scale stated choice survey among annual season ticket holders was conducted. They were asked to assume the FlexAbo would replace their tickets. Within the experimental choice context the incremental fare and the maximum fare per month varied according to an orthogonal design. Holders of the seasonal ticket MSAbo and the job ticket were asked whether they would still ride during peak times, delay peak-trips to off-peak times, go by car instead, ride by bicycle or even walk. The shares of shifted peak-trips were forecasted applying a discrete choice model. The results of shifted peak-trips are presented as well as their associated bootstrap confidence intervals. Percentile and bias corrected confidence intervals are compared. Additionally, all results are provided in dependency of different sample sizes. It is shown that even for small shifted shares notable differences between the two techniques for constructing confidence intervals only occur in combination with small sample sizes. Further, the width of the confidence intervals substantially decreases with sample size. (C) 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.
引用
收藏
页码:106 / 118
页数:13
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