Intercellular Transport of MicroRNAs

被引:343
作者
Boon, Reinier A. [1 ]
Vickers, Kasey C. [2 ]
机构
[1] JW Goethe Univ Hosp, Inst Cardiovasc Regenerat, Frankfurt, Germany
[2] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Cardiovasc Med, Nashville, TN 37232 USA
基金
美国国家卫生研究院;
关键词
microRNA; exosomes; high-density lipoprotein; microparticles; extracellular RNA; intercellular communication; CIRCULATING MICRORNAS; MULTIVESICULAR BODIES; MESSENGER-RNAS; T-CELLS; EXOSOMES; CANCER; MICROVESICLES; DIAGNOSIS; MECHANISM; DELIVERY;
D O I
10.1161/ATVBAHA.112.300139
中图分类号
R5 [内科学];
学科分类号
1002 ; 100201 ;
摘要
Extracellular microRNAs (miRNA) are present in most biological fluids, relatively stable, and hold great potential for disease biomarkers and novel therapeutics. Circulating miRNAs are transported by membrane-derived vesicles (exosomes and microparticles), lipoproteins, and other ribonucleoprotein complexes. Evidence suggests that miRNAs are selectively exported from cells with distinct signatures that have been found to be altered in many pathophysiologies, including cardiovascular disease. Protected from plasma ribonucleases by their carriers, functional miRNAs are delivered to recipient cells by various routes. Transferred miRNAs use cellular machinery to reduce target gene expression and alter cellular phenotype. Similar to soluble factors, miRNAs mediate cell-to-cell communication linking disparate cell types, diverse biological mechanisms, and homeostatic pathways. Although significant advances have been made, miRNA intercellular communication is full of complexities and many questions remain. This review brings into focus what is currently known and outstanding in a novel field of study with applicability to cardiovascular disease. (Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2013;33:186-192.)
引用
收藏
页码:186 / 192
页数:7
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