Ecological Environmental Effect and Economic Benefit of Agricultural Land Conservation Method

In order to improve the quality of agricultural land cultivation and study the ecological effects and economic benefits of conservation methods of agricultural land cultivation, spring wheat-pea double-sequence rotation was adopted in a plateau with six cultivation methods including traditional tillage without Mulching (T), notillage without Mulching (NT), traditional tillage with straw returning (TS), no-tillage with straw mulching (NTP), three-tillage with two-harvest combined with plastic film mulching (TP), and no-tillage film cover (NTP), which takes three different vegetation types, naked oat field, alfalfa field and elm field, on sandy chestnut calcium as research objects. The results showed that: in terms of ecological effects, there was no significant difference in wind erosion sediment amount among different tillage methods, and the total amount of sediment transported by T treatment was higher than NT treatment in the height range of 0-200 cm; the dynamic changes of soil water content in different tillage methods were different, and plastic film mulching could significantly prevent in-situ sediment deposition in spring. Under the same rainfall conditions, the amount of runoff and sediment lost by surface runoff and slope were very large. In terms of economic benefits, the output value of NTP treatment reached 2352.9 yuan/hm2, while that of T treatment was the lowest; the output value, net income and the ratio of output to input of tillage mode were significantly different, the output value of straw returning to field was the highest, and no-tillage mulching had watersaving benefits. The results showed that better ecological and economic benefits could be obtained by cultivation and protection of agricultural land, and there were significant differences among different methods of cultivation and protection.