Prevalence of Depression, Anxiety, Dementia and other Non Motor Features of a large Cohort of Egyptian Parkinson's Disease Patients

Background: There is a lack of awareness of the considerable disability associated with non motor symptoms (NMS) in PD among physician. The aim of the work is to estimate the prevalence of depression, anxiety, dementia and other NMS of Parkinson's disease (PD) Egyptian patients. Material and Methods: The study included, 112 patients with Parkinson's disease. Each individual was scored on the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale part III (UPDRS) and the the Hoehn and Yahr Scale (HY) to evaluate motor symptoms. Other symptoms were quantified with the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), Hamilton Depression and Anxiety Scales (HAM-D, HAM-A) and the Non-Motor Symptom Questionnaire and Scale (NMSQuest and NMSS). Results: According to HAM-A and HAM-D scales; anxiety and depression were noted in 78% and 54% of patients whilst dementia was recorded in 22%. According to NMSS, mood/cognition was the commonest domain (87.5%), and sleep disturbance/fatigue was the second frequent domain with a prevalence rate 78.6%, but all other non-motor symptoms also scored highly: gastrointestinal and urinary domains (76.8% for both), Sexual dysfunction (73%), cardiovascular (70.5%). Perceptual problems /hallucinations were the least frequently recorded domain (9.9 %%). There were significant correlations between UPDRS and HAM-D, HAM-A scores as well as with MMSE. UPDRS were also correlated with total NMSQuest and NMSS and each domain separately except cardiovascular and perceptual problems. Duration of illness was significantly correlated with UPDRS, depression, and dementia but not with other NMS. Conclusions: mood/cognition, sleep disorders, GIT, and sexual disorders were common non motor manifestations in PD patients. Patients with a longer duration of PK had higher scores on the UPDRS part 3 and were more likely to have depression, anxiety and dementia. [Eman M Khedr, Noha Abo El Fetoh, Hosam Khalifa, Mohamed A Ahmed, Khaled M A El Beh. Prevalence of Depression, Anxiety, Dementia and other Non Motor Features of a large Cohort of Egyptian Parkinson's Disease Patients. Life Sci J 2012; 9(2): 509-518]. (ISSN: 1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 76