Mathematical modeling of loop heat pipes and experimental validation

A mathematical model to calculate the steady-state performance of a loop heat pipe (LHP) is presented. The mathematical model is based on the steady state energy conservation equations and the pressure drop calculations along the fluid path in the LHP. The LHP operating temperature is calculated as a function of the applied power at a given LHP condition. The heat exchange between each component of the LHP and the surroundings is taken into account. Both convection and radiation environments are modeled. Experimental validation of the model is attempted by using two different LHP designs. The validity of the mathematical model is investigated for different sink temperatures and elevations. The comparison of the calculations and experimental results showed good agreement (within 5%). The proposed method proved to be a useful tool for reliable prediction of the steady state performance characteristics of the LHP.