Endothelial cell apoptosis and the role of endothelial cell-derived extracellular vesicles in the progression of atherosclerosis

被引:213
作者
Paone, Stephanie [1 ]
Baxter, Amy A. [1 ]
Hulett, Mark D. [1 ]
Poon, Ivan K. H. [1 ]
机构
[1] La Trobe Univ, La Trobe Inst Mol Sci, Dept Biochem & Genet, Melbourne, Vic 3086, Australia
基金
英国医学研究理事会; 澳大利亚研究理事会;
关键词
Apoptotic bodies; Apoptotic cell disassembly; Atherosclerosis; Endothelial cells; Extracellular vesicles; Microparticles; Microvesicles; LOW-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; THROMBOTIC THROMBOCYTOPENIC PURPURA; SHED MEMBRANE MICROPARTICLES; SMOOTH-MUSCLE-CELLS; C-REACTIVE PROTEIN; OXIDATIVE STRESS; TNF-ALPHA; VASCULAR ENDOTHELIUM; PROGENITOR CELLS; ELEVATED LEVELS;
D O I
10.1007/s00018-018-2983-9
中图分类号
Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];
学科分类号
071010 ; 081704 ;
摘要
To maintain physiological homeostasis, cell turnover occurs every day in the body via a form of programmed cell death called apoptosis. During apoptosis, cells undergo distinct morphological changes culminating in the disassembly of the dying cell into smaller fragments known as apoptotic bodies (ApoBDs). Dysregulation of apoptosis is associated with diseases including infection, cancer and atherosclerosis. Although the development of atherosclerosis is largely attributed to the accumulation of lipids and inflammatory debris in vessel walls, it is also associated with apoptosis of macrophages, smooth muscle cells (SMCs) and endothelial cells. During cellular activation and apoptosis, endothelial cells can release several types of membrane-bound extracellular vesicles (EVs) including exosomes, microvesicles (MVs)/microparticles and ApoBDs. Emerging evidence in the field suggests that these endothelial cell-derived EVs (EndoEVs) can contribute to intercellular communication during the development of atherosclerosis via the transfer of cellular contents such as protein and microRNA, which may prevent or promote disease progression depending on the context. This review provides an up-to-date overview of the known causes and consequences of endothelial cell death during atherosclerosis along with highlighting current methodological approaches to studying EndoEVs and the potential roles of EndoEVs in atherosclerosis development.
引用
收藏
页码:1093 / 1106
页数:14
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