Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Coal Mine Drainage Water Quality in China

Coal mine drainage (CMD) reuse is an important method for optimizing water resource supply in arid/semi-arid regions. This study analyzed the spatial distribution of water quality, management, and utilization strategies for CMD in China. In northwest, northeast, and north China, CMD was characterized by high levels of suspended solids, high salinity, neutral/weakly alkaline pH, and low levels of Fe/Mn. Based on existing water treatment processes, mine water reuse is safe and can support local water supply in these areas. In southern China, especially the southwestern regions, the CMD was characterized by low pH, high salinity, and high levels of Fe/Mn. These areas face high costs associated with mine water reuse and ecological and environmental risks. Therefore, the prevention and control of water pollution should be the focus of mine water management in these areas. To maximize the utilization of CMD, improving the norms and standards for mine water utilization is necessary, policy support for CMD reuse should be fortified, and a complete chain of coal mine water utilization should be developed. This study provides a reference for implementing water environmental protection strategies and mine water reuse policies.