Accuracy of a miniature intracranial pressure monitor, its function during magnetic resonance scanning, and assessment of image artifact generation

OBJECTIVE: We examined the accuracy and repeatability of an intracranial pressure (ICP) monitor (Codman MicroSensor; Johnson & Johnson Professional, Inc., Raynham, MA) in a nonmagnetic environment and during magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The resulting image artifact generation was calculated. JCP monitoring is essential in management of severe head injury, but few ICP monitoring devices are compatible with use in an MRI scanner. The use of MRI to assess head injury is increasing, and developing safe methods of continuously monitoring ICP may improve patient care. METHODS: A water manometer was used as the standard for comparison. We assessed pressure readings from the ICP monitor in a nonmagnetic environment using a standard and a long connector cable between the pressure transducer and display unit. This long cable permitted testing during MRI sequences because the display unit could be distanced from the magnet. Accuracy was determined during T2-weighted imaging, proton spectroscopy, and diffusion-weighted imaging, and artifact generation was assessed. RESULTS: We found a high degree of accuracy for repeated measurements over a clinical pressure range using both standard and long connector cables outside the MRI room. During MRI scanning, the ICP monitor was accurate during T2 and proton spectroscopy sequences. Accuracy during diffusion-weighted imaging, however, was clinically unacceptable. This ICP monitor creates a reduction in signal-to-noise ratio in the received signal during Ta-weighted imaging and proton spectroscopic imaging, with the obtained images still radiologically interpretable. CONCLUSION: The Codman ICP monitor is sufficiently accurate and free of artifact generation to be used during most clinical MRP applications. This could enhance patient monitoring and safety.