On the immersed boundary-lattice Boltzmann simulations of incompressible flows with freely moving objects

For simulating freely moving problems, conventional immersed boundary-lattice Boltzmann methods encounter two major difficulties of an extremely large flow domain and the incompressible limit. To remove these two difficulties, this work proposes an immersed boundary-lattice Boltzmann flux solver (IB-LBFS) in the arbitrary Lagragian-Eulerian (ALE) coordinates and establishes a dynamic similarity theory. In the ALE-based IB-LBFS, the flow filed is obtained by using the LBFS on a moving Cartesian mesh, and the no-slip boundary condition is implemented by using the boundary condition-enforced immersed boundary method. The velocity of the Cartesian mesh is set the same as the translational velocity of the freely moving object so that there is no relative motion between the plate center and the mesh. This enables the ALE-based IB-LBFS to study flows with a freely moving object in a large open flow domain. By normalizing the governing equations for the flow domain and the motion of rigid body, six non-dimensional parameters are derived and maintained to be the same in both physical systems and the lattice Boltzmann framework. This similarity algorithm enables the lattice Boltzmann equation-based solver to study a general freely moving problem within the incompressible limit. The proposed solver and dynamic similarity theory have been successfully validated by simulating the flow around an in-line oscillating cylinder, single particle sedimentation, and flows with a freely falling plate. The obtained results agree well with both numerical and experimental data. Copyright (c) 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.