Effects of dead-band and set-point settings of on/off controllers on the energy consumption and equipment, switching frequency of a residential HVAC system

Residential heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) systems generally employ simple on/off controllers to regulate the temperature of water and air in different subsystems. Selection of set-point of a controlled process and dead-band of controller affects the process regulation, energy consumption and actuator switching frequency. This article presents a calibrated model of a residential HVAC system. Temperature of two zones and buffer tank (BT) is regulated using on/off controllers. Non optimum controller settings result in poor regulation, higher energy consumption and higher equipment wear. The purpose of this article is to find optimum set-point and dead-band settings for on/off controllers in order to improve temperature regulation, reduce energy consumption and decrease equipment wear by reducing the switching frequency of HVAC equipment without scarifying thermal comfort of occupants. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.