The impact of rapid weight loss on the leptin, adiponectin levels, and insulinresistance among adult free style wrestlers

Aim. Recent studies, shows the effective role of adipose tissue as an active endocrine organ. Leptin level increases in obese bodies while adiponectin as an antirisk factor reduction that contributes to decrease insulin resistance and anthropometric profiles. Hence, expected to the negative effects of weight loss on wrestlers' physiological function; leptin and adiponectin behaviors and insulin resistance in young wrestlers during their rapid weight loss program were examined. Methods. Fifteen young (23 +/- 1 yr) freestyle wrestlers with (weight 67.6 +/- 0.8 kg, BMI 22.5 +/- 0.2 kg/m(2)) in two (60 and 66 kg) weight categories were selected randomly. Caloric intake and anthropometric characteristics measured by standard methods. The leptin and adiponectin hormones and insulin resistance index were measured by sandwich and HOMA-IR methods respectively. Wrestlers performed a week rapid weight loss Protocol (average of 4% of body weight loss) under the supervision of their coach. Eventually, selected factors were measured after 12 and 24 hours of recovery, again. Results. The rapid weight loss (4%) program had a significantly reduced impact on anthropometric factors; leptin level, insulin resistance, and increased beta cell function, while the changes of adiponectin were not significant after weight loss. Conclusion. Findings of this study shows that dramatic decrease in anthropometric factors follow the weight loss program that having a significant decrease on leptin, L/A ratio and HOMA-IR, without significant changes in adiponectin levels. These changes may have harmful physiological effects on wrestlers' bodies but they can be useful to regulate of fatty acid, glucose metabolism, and insulin resistance.