Trade liberalization, exit, and productivity improvements: Evidence from Chilean plants

被引:706
作者
Pavcnik, N [1 ]
机构
[1] Dartmouth Coll, Hanover, NH 03755 USA
[2] NBER, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA
关键词
D O I
10.1111/1467-937X.00205
中图分类号
F [经济];
学科分类号
02 ;
摘要
This paper empirically investigates the effects of liberalized trade on plant productivity in the case of Chile. Chile presents an interesting setting to study this relationship since it underwent a massive trade liberalization that significantly exposed its plants to competition from abroad during the late 1970s and early 1980s. Methodologically. I approach this question in two steps. In the first step, I estimate a production function to obtain a measure of plant productivity. I estimate the production function semi parametrically to correct for the presence of selection and simultaneity biases in the estimates of the input coefficients required to construct a productivity measure, I explicitly incorporate plant exit in the estimation to correct for the selection problem induced by liquidated plants. These methodological aspects are important in obtaining a reliable plant-level productivity measure based on consistent estimates of the input coefficients. In the second step, I identify the impact of trade on plants' productivity in a regression framework allowing variation in productivity over time and across traded- and nontraded-goods sectors. Using plant-level panel data on Chilean manufacturers, I find evidence of within plant productivity improvements that can be attributed to a liberalized trade for the plants in the import-competing sector. In many cases, aggregate productivity improvements stem from the reshuffling of resources and output from less to more efficient producers.
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页码:245 / 276
页数:32
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