Korea National Survey for Environmental Pollutants in the Human Body 2008: Heavy metals in the blood or urine of the Korean population

被引：132

作者：

Lee, Jong Wha ^{[1
]}

Lee, Chae Kwan ^{[2
]}

Moon, Chan Seok ^{[3
]}

Choi, In Ja ^{[4
]}

Lee, Kee Jae ^{[5
]}

Yi, Seung-Muk ^{[6
]}

Jang, Bong-Ki ^{[1
]}

Yoon, Byoung Jun ^{[7
]}

Kim, Dae Seon ^{[8
]}

Peak, Domyung ^{[6
]}

Sul, Donggeun ^{[9
]}

Oh, Eunha ^{[10
]}

Im, Hosub ^{[10
]}

Kang, Hee Sook ^{[11
]}

Kim, JeoungHee ^{[13
]}

Lee, Jong-Tae ^{[12
]}

Kim, Kisok ^{[14
]}

Park, Kyung Lyoul ^{[15
]}

Ahn, Ryoungme ^{[16
]}

Park, Seok Hwan ^{[17
]}

Kim, Seong Cheon ^{[18
]}

Park, Choong-Hee ^{[8
]}

Lee, Jin Heon ^{[19
]}

机构：

[1] Soonchunhyang Univ, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Coll Nat Sci, Asan, South Korea

[2] Inje Univ, Dept Occupat & Environm Med, Coll Med & Inst, Pusan, South Korea

[3] Catholic Univ Pusan, Dept Occupat Health, Coll Appl Sci, Pusan, South Korea

[4] Wonjin Inst Occupat & Environm Hlth, Seoul, South Korea

[5] Korea Natl Open Univ, Dept Informat & Stat, Coll Nat Sci, Seoul, South Korea

[6] Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Environm Hlth, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, Seoul, South Korea

[7] Korea Natl Open Univ, Dept Environm Hlth, Seoul, South Korea

[8] Minist Environm, Natl Inst Environm Res, Environm Hlth Res Div, Inchon, South Korea

[9] Korea Univ, Grad Sch Med, Seoul, South Korea

[10] Neodin Med Inst, Ctr Life & Environm Sci, Seoul, South Korea

[11] Kongju Natl Univ, Dept Social Welf, Coll Humanities & Social Sci, Gongju, South Korea

[12] Korea Univ, Dept Environm Hlth, Coll Hlth Sci, Seoul, South Korea

[13] Kwangju Womens Univ, Dept Social Welf, Kwangju, South Korea

[14] Keimyung Univ, Dept Publ Hlth, Coll Nat Sci, Taegu, South Korea

[15] Woosong Informat Coll, Dept Hosp Adm, Taejon, South Korea

[16] Dongduk Womens Univ, Dept Hlth Sci, Coll Nat Sci, Seoul, South Korea

[17] Seowon Univ, Dept Environm Civil Engn & Informat Syst, Cheongju, South Korea

[18] Kunsan Natl Univ, Dept Environm Engn, Coll Engn, Gunsan, South Korea

[19] Kongju Natl Univ, Dept Environm Educ, Coll Educ, Gongju, South Korea

来源：

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYGIENE AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH | 2012年 / 215卷 / 04期

关键词：

Korean; Arsenic; Cadmium; Lead; Manganese; Mercury; 1998; GERES-III; MERCURY CONCENTRATIONS; ARSENIC SPECIATION; GERMAN POPULATION; REFERENCE VALUES; DRINKING-WATER; TRACE-ELEMENTS; UNITED-STATES; LEAD LEVELS; EXPOSURE;

D O I：

10.1016/j.ijheh.2012.01.002

中图分类号：

R1 [预防医学、卫生学];

学科分类号：

1004 ; 120402 ;

摘要：

Background: Recently, there have been several nationwide episodes involving imported toys contaminated with toxic metals and environmental hormones. In addition, cadmium intoxication has occurred due to soil contamination with cadmium from abandoned metal mines. Objectives: To investigate the distribution, extent and factors influencing the levels of toxic metals in the blood or urine of the Korean general population over twenty years of age, we studied the blood or urine concentrations of heavy metals in a representative sample of 5087 Koreans in 2008. Methods: Multiple biological substrates were collected from each participant to determine the most suitable samples for an environmental health survey system. Information regarding exposure conditions of all subjects was collected by questionnaire-based interviews. Results: The geometric means of the blood lead, mercury and manganese levels were 19.1, 3.23 and 10.8 mu g/L, respectively. The geometric means of urinary arsenic and cadmium concentrations were 43.5 and 0.65 mu g/L, respectively. Blood mercury and urinary arsenic levels in the Korean general population were significantly higher than in European and American populations. Conclusions: The higher levels of blood mercury and urinary arsenic could be explained by the greater seafood consumption among the Korean population. This biomonitoring study of blood or urine heavy metals in the Korean general population provides important reference data stratified by demographic and lifestyle factors that will be useful for the ongoing surveillance of environmental exposure of Koreans to toxic metals. (C) 2012 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.

引用

页码：449 / 457

页数：9

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