Management of sepsis

Severe sepsis and septic shock are common and life-threatening medical conditions characterized by an overwhelming infection and the body's inflammatory response to that infection. Early and appropriate management of sepsis significantly reduces short-term and long-term mortality. Fluid resuscitation for shock and appropriate early antibiotic therapy have the most impact on survival. Source control should be accomplished within 24 hours where appropriate. Optimal management of sepsis requires early, goal-directed therapy; lung-protective ventilation; and antibiotics. The use of corticosteroids, vasopressin, and intensive insulin therapy requires further study. In this review, we have summarized the key components in the management of sepsis and septic shock, including early recognition, early resuscitation, principles of antibiotic therapy, organ support, and role of adjunctive therapies.