Mitochondrial DNA and Neurodegeneration: Any Role for Dietary Antioxidants?

被引:24
作者
Bordoni, Laura [1 ]
Gabbianelli, Rosita [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Camerino, Sch Pharm, Unit Mol Biol, I-62032 Camerino, Italy
关键词
nutrigenomics; mitochondria; epigenetics; antioxidants; neurodegeneration; inflammation; redox system; oxidative stress; diet; nutrition; MANGANESE SUPEROXIDE-DISMUTASE; BREAST-CANCER CELLS; OXIDATIVE STRESS; COPY NUMBER; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; TARGETED ANTIOXIDANTS; NATURAL ANTIOXIDANTS; PARKINSONS-DISEASE; ADENOSINE-ANALOGS; N-ACETYLCYSTEINE;
D O I
10.3390/antiox9080764
中图分类号
Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];
学科分类号
071010 ; 081704 ;
摘要
The maintenance of the mitochondrial function is essential in preventing and counteracting neurodegeneration. In particular, mitochondria of neuronal cells play a pivotal role in sustaining the high energetic metabolism of these cells and are especially prone to oxidative damage. Since overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is involved in the pathogenesis of neurodegeneration, dietary antioxidants have been suggested to counteract the detrimental effects of ROS and to preserve the mitochondrial function, thus slowing the progression and limiting the extent of neuronal cell loss in neurodegenerative disorders. In addition to their role in the redox-system homeostasis, mitochondria are unique organelles in that they contain their own genome (mtDNA), which acts at the interface between environmental exposures and the molecular triggers of neurodegeneration. Indeed, it has been demonstrated that mtDNA (including both genetics and, from recent evidence, epigenetics) might play relevant roles in modulating the risk for neurodegenerative disorders. This mini-review describes the link between the mitochondrial genome and cellular oxidative status, with a particular focus on neurodegeneration; moreover, it provides an overview on potential beneficial effects of antioxidants in preserving mitochondrial functions through the protection of mtDNA.
引用
收藏
页码:1 / 24
页数:24
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