Protective role of ACE2 and its downregulation in SARS-CoV-2 infection leading to Macrophage Activation Syndrome: Therapeutic implications

被引：136
作者：
Banu, Nehla [1 ]
Panikar, Sandeep Surendra [2 ]
Leal, Lizbeth Riera [3 ]
Leal, Annie Riera [4 ]
机构：
[1] Univ Guadalajara, Inst Enfermedades Cronicodegenerat, Dept Biol Mol & Genom, CUCS, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
[2] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Fis Aplicada & Tecnol Avanzada, Apartado Postal 1-1010, Queretaro 76000, Queretaro, Mexico
[3] Inst Mexicano Seguro Social IMSS, Hosp Gen Reg 45, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
[4] Univ Calif Davis, UC DAVIS Inst Regenerat Cure, Dept Dermatol, 2921 Stockton Blvd,Rm 1630, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA
来源：
LIFE SCIENCES | 2020年 / 256卷
关键词：
COVID-19; SARS; Coronavirus; Macrophage Activation Syndrome (MAS); ACE2; RAS system; CONVERTING-ENZYME; 2; NF-KAPPA-B; RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN SYSTEM; NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA; TRANS-RETINOIC ACID; ACUTE LUNG INJURY; GLUCOCORTICOID-RECEPTOR; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; SARS CORONAVIRUS; UP-REGULATION;
D O I：
10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117905
中图分类号：
R-3 [医学研究方法]; R3 [基础医学];
学科分类号：
1001 ;
摘要：
In light of the outbreak of the 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19), the international scientific community has joined forces to develop effective treatment strategies. The Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) 2, is an essential receptor for cell fusion and engulfs the SARS coronavirus infections. ACE2 plays an important physiological role, practically in all the organs and systems. Also, ACE2 exerts protective functions in various models of pathologies with acute and chronic inflammation. While ACE2 downregulation by SARS-CoV-2 spike protein leads to an overactivation of Angiotensin (Ang) II/AT1R axis and the deleterious effects of Ang II may explain the multiorgan dysfunction seen in patients. Specifically, the role of Ang II leading to the appearance of Macrophage Activation Syndrome (MAS) and the cytokine storm in COVID-19 is discussed below. In this review, we summarized the latest research progress in the strategies of treatments that mainly focus on reducing the Ang II-induced deleterious effects rather than attenuating the virus replication.
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页数：11
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