Phylogenetic niche conservatism and the evolutionary basis of ecological speciation
被引:264
作者:
Pyron, R. Alexander
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George Washington Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Washington, DC 20052 USAGeorge Washington Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Washington, DC 20052 USA
Pyron, R. Alexander
[1
]
Costa, Gabriel C.
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机构:
Univ Fed Rio Grande do Norte, Dept Ecol, Ctr Biociencias, BR-59072970 Natal, RN, BrazilGeorge Washington Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Washington, DC 20052 USA
Costa, Gabriel C.
[2
]
Patten, Michael A.
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机构:
Univ Oklahoma, Oklahoma Biol Survey, Norman, OK 73019 USA
Univ Oklahoma, Dept Biol, Norman, OK 73019 USAGeorge Washington Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Washington, DC 20052 USA
Patten, Michael A.
[3
,4
]
Burbrink, Frank T.
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CUNY Grad Sch & Univ Ctr, Dept Biol, New York, NY 10016 USA
CUNY Coll Staten Isl, Dept Biol, Staten Isl, NY 10314 USAGeorge Washington Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Washington, DC 20052 USA
Burbrink, Frank T.
[5
,6
]
机构:
[1] George Washington Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Washington, DC 20052 USA
[2] Univ Fed Rio Grande do Norte, Dept Ecol, Ctr Biociencias, BR-59072970 Natal, RN, Brazil
[3] Univ Oklahoma, Oklahoma Biol Survey, Norman, OK 73019 USA
[4] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Biol, Norman, OK 73019 USA
[5] CUNY Grad Sch & Univ Ctr, Dept Biol, New York, NY 10016 USA
[6] CUNY Coll Staten Isl, Dept Biol, Staten Isl, NY 10314 USA
Phylogenetic niche conservatism (PNC) typically refers to the tendency of closely related species to be more similar to each other in terms of niche than they are to more distant relatives. This has been implicated as a potential driving force in speciation and other species-richness patterns, such as latitudinal gradients. However, PNC has not been very well defined in most previous studies. Is it a pattern or a process? What are the underlying endogenous (e.g. genetic) and exogenous (e.g. ecological) factors that cause niches to be conserved? What degree of similarity is necessary to qualify as PNC? Is it possible for the evolutionary processes causing niches to be conserved to also result in niche divergence in different habitats? Here, we revisit these questions, codifying a theoretical and operational definition of PNC as a mechanistic evolutionary process resulting from several factors. We frame this both from a macroevolutionary and population-genetic perspective. We discuss how different axes of physical (e.g. geographic) and environmental (e.g. climatic) heterogeneity interact with the fundamental process of PNC to produce different outcomes of ecological speciation. We also review tests for PNC, and suggest ways that these could be improved or better utilized in future studies. Ultimately, PNC as a process has a well-defined mechanistic basis in organisms, and future studies investigating ecological speciation would be well served to consider this, and frame hypothesis testing in terms of the processes and expected patterns described herein. The process of PNC may lead to patterns where niches are conserved (more similar than expected), constrained (divergent within a limited subset of available niches), or divergent (less similar than expected), based on degree of phylogenetic relatedness between species.
机构:
Iowa State Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Organismal Biol, Ames, IA 50011 USA
Iowa State Univ, Dept Stat, Ames, IA 50011 USAIowa State Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Organismal Biol, Ames, IA 50011 USA
机构:
Iowa State Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Organismal Biol, Ames, IA 50011 USAIowa State Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Organismal Biol, Ames, IA 50011 USA
Adams, Dean C.
;
Berns, Chelsea M.
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Iowa State Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Organismal Biol, Ames, IA 50011 USAIowa State Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Organismal Biol, Ames, IA 50011 USA
Berns, Chelsea M.
;
Kozak, Kenneth H.
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机构:
Univ Minnesota, Bell Museum Nat Hist, St Paul, MN 55108 USA
Univ Minnesota, Dept Fisheries Wildlife & Conservat Biol, St Paul, MN 55108 USAIowa State Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Organismal Biol, Ames, IA 50011 USA
Kozak, Kenneth H.
;
Wiens, John J.
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机构:
SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Ecol & Evolut, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USAIowa State Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Organismal Biol, Ames, IA 50011 USA
机构:
Iowa State Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Organismal Biol, Ames, IA 50011 USA
Iowa State Univ, Dept Stat, Ames, IA 50011 USAIowa State Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Organismal Biol, Ames, IA 50011 USA
机构:
Iowa State Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Organismal Biol, Ames, IA 50011 USAIowa State Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Organismal Biol, Ames, IA 50011 USA
Adams, Dean C.
;
Berns, Chelsea M.
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机构:
Iowa State Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Organismal Biol, Ames, IA 50011 USAIowa State Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Organismal Biol, Ames, IA 50011 USA
Berns, Chelsea M.
;
Kozak, Kenneth H.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Univ Minnesota, Bell Museum Nat Hist, St Paul, MN 55108 USA
Univ Minnesota, Dept Fisheries Wildlife & Conservat Biol, St Paul, MN 55108 USAIowa State Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Organismal Biol, Ames, IA 50011 USA
Kozak, Kenneth H.
;
Wiens, John J.
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机构:
SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Ecol & Evolut, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USAIowa State Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Organismal Biol, Ames, IA 50011 USA