Electric heating films based on m-aramid nanocomposites containing hybrid fillers of graphene and carbon nanotube

m-Aramid nanocomposite films containing 1.0 wt% hybrid fillers of different compositions of graphene and multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) are prepared by an efficient solution-casting method, and their electric heating behavior is investigated as a function of the composition of hybrid fillers. Electron microscope images and X-ray diffraction patterns reveal that the hybrid fillers are well dispersed in the m-aramid matrix by forming interconnected networks among graphene sheets and MWCNTs. The electrical resistivity of the nanocomposite films is decreased gradually from similar to 10(5) to 10(1) Omega cm with increasing the MWCNT content in the hybrid fillers. Accordingly, maximum temperature attained at a given applied voltage for the nanocomposite films can be finely controlled by the graphene/MWCNT composition of 1.0 wt% hybrid fillers. The m-aramid/hybrid filler nanocomposite films also exhibit excellent electric heating performance in aspects of rapid temperature response and high electric power efficiency at applied voltages of 1-100 V.