Regulation by resveratrol of the cellular factors mediating liver damage and regeneration after acute toxic liver injury

Background and AimAcute liver injury is manifested by different degree of hepatocyte necrosis and may recover via the process of hepatocyte regeneration once the injury is discontinued. Most of the liver injury is associating with inflammatory cytokines. Resveratrol (RSV) is a natural phytoalexin with powerful anti-inflammatory effects. AimThe effects of RSV on cellular factors mediating liver damage and regeneration in acute carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) liver injury were investigated. ResultsRSV decreased alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, necrosis, and 4-hydroxynonenal in the CCl4-injured liver. RSV decreased hepatocyte apoptosis by reducing caspase 8 and caspase 3 but not Bax and Bcl-xL. RSV reduced Kupffer cells recruitment, the expressions of tumor necrosis factor- and interleukin-6, but not interleukin-10. RSV lowered the numbers of anti-5-bromon-2'-deoxyuridine and anti-Ki67-positive hepatocytes. Hepatic hepatocyte growth factor, c-Met and transforming growth factor- expressions were reduced by RSV, while transforming growth factor-1 and hepatic stellate cells activation were not changed. RSV reduced the injury-induced CXCL10 elevations in serum and liver in vivo. Besides, RSV inhibited CXCL10 release from CCl4-injured hepatocytes in vitro. In contrast, recombinant CXCL10 improved the viability of CCl4-injured hepatocytes. ConclusionsRSV therapy can be beneficial for acute toxic liver injury. RSV reduced hepatocyte apoptosis but limited hepatocyte regeneration possibly through reducing the hepatomitogenic signaling and the release of CXCL10.