A quantitative assessment of source contributions to fine particulate matter (PM2.5)-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their nitrated and hydroxylated derivatives in Hong Kong

被引:81
作者
Ma, Yiqiu [1 ,2 ,3 ]
Cheng, Yubo [3 ]
Qiu, Xinghua [1 ,2 ]
Lin, Yan [1 ,2 ,4 ]
Cao, Jing [3 ,6 ]
Hu, Di [3 ,5 ,6 ]
机构
[1] Peking Univ, Coll Environm Sci & Engn, State Key Joint Lab Environm Simulat & Pollut Con, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China
[2] Peking Univ, Ctr Environm & Hlth, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China
[3] Hong Kong Baptist Univ, Dept Chem, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Peoples R China
[4] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Jonathan & Karin Fielding Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
[5] Hong Kong Baptist Univ, State Key Lab Environm & Biol Anal, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Peoples R China
[6] HKBU Inst Res & Continuing Educ, Shenzhen Virtual Univ Pk, Shenzhen 518057, Peoples R China
基金
中国国家自然科学基金;
关键词
Hong Kong; PM2.5-bound PAHs and the derivatives; Regional transport; Source apportionment; Marine vessels; SOURCE APPORTIONMENT; SEASONAL-VARIATION; SIZE DISTRIBUTION; OXYGENATED PAHS; SOUTHERN CHINA; HUMAN HEALTH; CANCER-RISK; GUANGZHOU; PM2.5; AIR;
D O I
10.1016/j.envpol.2016.07.034
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
Atmospheric polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their derivatives are of great concern due to their adverse health effects. However, source identification and apportionment of these compounds, particularly their nitrated and hydroxylated derivatives (i.e., NPAHs and OHPAHs), in fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in Hong Kong are still lacking. In this study, we conducted a 1-year observation at an urban site in Hong Kong. PM2.5-bound PAHs and their derivatives were measured, with median concentrations of 4590, 44.4 and 31.6 pg m(-3) for Sigma(21)PAHs, Sigma(13)NPAHs, and Sigma(12)OHPAHs, respectively. Higher levels were observed on regional pollution days than on long regional transport (LRT) or local emission days. Based on positive matrix factorization analysis, four sources were determined: marine vessels, vehicle emissions, biomass burning, and a mixed source of coal combustion and NPAHs secondary formation. Coal combustion and biomass burning were the major sources of PAHs, contributing over 85% of PAHs on regional and LRT days. Biomass burning was the predominant source of OHPAHs throughout the year, while NPAHs mainly originated from secondary formation and fuel combustion. For benzo[a]pyrene (BaP)-based PM2.5 toxicity, the mixed source of coal combustion and NPAHs secondary formation was the major contributor, followed by biomass burning and vehicle emissions. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:742 / 749
页数:8
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