Studying individual differences in human adolescent brain development

被引:277
作者
Foulkes, Lucy [1 ,2 ]
Blakemore, Sarah-Jayne [1 ]
机构
[1] UCL Inst Cognit Neurosci, London, England
[2] Univ York, Dept Educ, York, N Yorkshire, England
基金
英国惠康基金;
关键词
SOCIAL EXCLUSION; SOCIOECONOMIC-STATUS; PEER INFLUENCES; RISK-TAKING; BULLYING VICTIMIZATION; ANTISOCIAL-BEHAVIOR; NEURAL SENSITIVITY; CIGARETTE-SMOKING; FAMILY ASSISTANCE; PARENTING STYLE;
D O I
10.1038/s41593-018-0078-4
中图分类号
Q189 [神经科学];
学科分类号
071006 ;
摘要
Adolescence is a period of social, psychological and biological development. During adolescence, relationships with others become more complex, peer relationships are paramount and social cognition develops substantially. These psychosocial changes are paralleled by structural and functional changes in the brain. Existing research in adolescent neurocognitive development has focused largely on averages, but this obscures meaningful individual variation in development. In this Perspective, we propose that the field should now move toward studying individual differences. We start by discussing individual variation in structural and functional brain development. To illustrate the importance of considering individual differences in development, we consider three sources of variation that contribute to neurocognitive processing: socioeconomic status, culture and peer environment. To assess individual differences in neurodevelopmental trajectories, large-scale longitudinal datasets are required. Future developmental neuroimaging studies should attempt to characterize individual differences to move toward a more nuanced understanding of neurocognitive changes during adolescence.
引用
收藏
页码:315 / 323
页数:9
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