Optimal Integration of Phasor Measurement Units in Power Systems Considering Conventional Measurements

This paper presents an integer linear programming (ILP) framework for the optimal placement of phasor measurement units (PMUs), in the presence of conventional measurements. Furthermore, by the proposed method, the power system remains completely observable during all possible single contingencies for lines and measurement devices. In doing so, the potential of circuit equations associated with both PMUs and conventional measurements as well as the network topology are fully utilized by a system of equations to reach the minimum possible numbers of required PMUs. The limitation of communication channels is also taken into account in the proposed ILP-based framework. The method is implemented on several IEEE test systems which have already been equipped with conventional measurements. The comparison between obtained results of the proposed method and those of other methods reveals its superiority in the modeling of robust PMU placement problem (OPP) in the presence of conventional measurements. As such, a smooth transition from the SCADA-based monitoring system to the PMU-dominated WAMS is ensured. Moreover, this method is successfully applied on three large-scale test systems, which demonstrates it can effectively be employed for robust OPP in realistic power systems.