Neurological and Neuropsychological Changes Associated with SARS-CoV-2 Infection: New Observations, New Mechanisms

被引：27

作者：

Haidar, Muhammad Ali ^{[1
]}

Jourdi, Hussam ^{[2
]}

Haj Hassan, Zeinab ^{[3
]}

Ashekyan, Ohanes ^{[1
]}

Fardoun, Manal ^{[4
]}

Wehbe, Zena ^{[4
]}

Maaliki, Dina ^{[5
]}

Wehbe, Maya ^{[6
]}

Mondello, Stefania ^{[7
]}

Abdelhady, Samar ^{[8
]}

Shahjouei, Shima ^{[9
]}

Bizri, Maya ^{[10
]}

Mechref, Yehia ^{[11
]}

Gold, Mark S. ^{[12
]}

Dbaibo, Ghassan ^{[1
,13
,14
]}

Zaraket, Hassan ^{[13
,15
]}

Eid, Ali H. ^{[5
,13
]}

Kobeissy, Firas ^{[1
,16
,17
,18
,19
]}

机构：

[1] Amer Univ Beirut, Dept Biochem & Mol Genet, Fac Med, Beirut, Lebanon

[2] Univ Balamand, Dept Biol, Souk El Gharb, Aley, Lebanon

[3] Lebanese Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Anim Biol, Beirut, Lebanon

[4] Amer Univ Beirut, Fac Arts & Sci, Dept Biol, Beirut, Lebanon

[5] Amer Univ Beirut, Dept Pharmacol & Toxicol, Fac Med, Beirut, Lebanon

[6] Basingstoke & North Hampshire Hosp, Dept Internal Med, Basingstoke, Hants, England

[7] Univ Messina, Dept Biomed & Dent Sci & Morphofunct Imaging, Messina, Italy

[8] Alexandria Univ, Fac Med, Alexandria, Egypt

[9] Geisinger Hlth Syst, Neurol Dept, Neurosci Inst, Danville, PA USA

[10] Amer Univ Beirut, Dept Psychiat, Med Ctr, Beirut, Lebanon

[11] Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA

[12] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, St Louis, MO 63110 USA

[13] Amer Univ Beirut, Hariri Sch Nursing, Fac Med, Beirut, Lebanon

[14] Amer Univ Beirut, Ctr Infect Dis Res, Fac Med, Beirut, Lebanon

[15] Amer Univ Beirut, Dept Pediat & Adolescent Med, Fac Med, Beirut, Lebanon

[16] Univ Florida, Program Neurotrauma Neuroprote & Biomarkers Res, Dept Emergency Med, Gainesville, FL 32609 USA

[17] Univ Florida, Program Neurotrauma Neuroprote & Biomarkers Res, Dept Psychiat, Gainesville, FL 32609 USA

[18] Univ Florida, Program Neurotrauma Neuroprote & Biomarkers Res, Dept Neurosci, Gainesville, FL 32609 USA

[19] Univ Florida, Program Neurotrauma Neuroprote & Biomarkers Res, Dept Chem, Gainesville, FL 32609 USA

来源：

NEUROSCIENTIST | 2021年 / 28卷 / 06期

关键词：

pandemic; viral infection; SARS; inflammation; autoantibodies; neurodegeneration; angiotensin; stroke; COVID-19; ARDS; encephalitis; ACUTE-RESPIRATORY-SYNDROME; RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN SYSTEM; SYNDROME CORONAVIRUS; RECEPTOR AXIS; SARS-COV; VIRUS; COVID-19; AUTOANTIBODIES; INTERFERON; EXPRESSION;

D O I：

10.1177/1073858420984106

中图分类号：

R74 [神经病学与精神病学];

学科分类号：

摘要：

SARS-CoV-2 infects cells through angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), a ubiquitous receptor that interacts with the virus' surface S glycoprotein. Recent reports show that the virus affects the central nervous system (CNS) with symptoms and complications that include dizziness, altered consciousness, encephalitis, and even stroke. These can immerge as indirect immune effects due to increased cytokine production or via direct viral entry into brain tissue. The latter is possible through neuronal access via the olfactory bulb, hematogenous access through immune cells or directly across the blood-brain barrier (BBB), and through the brain's circumventricular organs characterized by their extensive and highly permeable capillaries. Last, the COVID-19 pandemic increases stress, depression, and anxiety within infected individuals, those in isolation, and high-risk populations like children, the elderly, and health workers. This review surveys the recent updates of CNS manifestations post SARS-CoV-2 infection along with possible mechanisms that lead to them.

引用

页码：552 / 571

页数：20

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