Reflections on interviewing foreign elites: praxis, positionality, validity, and the cult of the insider

Using open-ended interviews to conduct research on foreign elites raises methodological questions which conducting research on non-foreign elites and foreign non-elites does not. In this paper I first reflect upon some of the practical issues I have encountered when conducting interviews with members of foreign elites: I then examine the issue of positionality to suggest that the dualism of "insider" knowledge and status Versus "outsider" knowledge and status is not as stable as it is often assumed to be, and that it should not be presumed that an "insider" will necessarily produce "better" knowledge than will an "outsider" simply by dint of their positionality. Indeed, given that the interview process is about constructing social meaning - a process that involves both the researcher and the source - in many ways such a dualism is meaningless. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.