Automatic Feature-Based Grouping During Multiple Object Tracking

被引:34
作者
Erlikhman, Gennady [1 ]
Keane, Brian P. [2 ,3 ]
Mettler, Everett [1 ]
Horowitz, Todd S. [4 ,5 ]
Kellman, Philip J. [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Psychol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
[2] Rutgers State Univ, Ctr Cognit Sci, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA
[3] UMDNJ, Robert Wood Johnson Med Sch, Piscataway, NJ USA
[4] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Ophthalmol, Boston, MA 02115 USA
[5] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA
关键词
multiple object tracking; attention; perceptual grouping; perceptual organization; illusory contours; VISUAL INTERPOLATION; ATTENTIVE TRACKING; ILLUSORY CONTOURS; PUZZLING FINDINGS; PSYCHOPHYSICS; PATTERNS; DEPTH; TIME; SEGMENTATION; ORGANIZATION;
D O I
10.1037/a0031750
中图分类号
B84 [心理学];
学科分类号
04 ; 0402 ;
摘要
Contour interpolation automatically binds targets with distractors to impair multiple object tracking (Keane, Mettler, Tsoi, & Kellman, 2011). Is interpolation special in this regard or can other features produce the same effect? To address this question, we examined the influence of eight features on tracking: color, contrast polarity, orientation, size, shape, depth, interpolation, and a combination (shape, color, size). In each case, subjects tracked 4 of 8 objects that began as undifferentiated shapes, changed features as motion began (to enable grouping), and returned to their undifferentiated states before halting. We found that intertarget grouping improved performance for all feature types except orientation and interpolation (Experiment 1 and Experiment 2). Most importantly, target-distractor grouping impaired performance for color, size, shape, combination, and interpolation. The impairments were, at times, large (>15% decrement in accuracy) and occurred relative to a homogeneous condition in which all objects had the same features at each moment of a trial (Experiment 2), and relative to a "diversity" condition in which targets and distractors had different features at each moment (Experiment 3). We conclude that feature-based grouping occurs for a variety of features besides interpolation, even when irrelevant to task instructions and contrary to the task demands, suggesting that interpolation is not unique in promoting automatic grouping in tracking tasks. Our results also imply that various kinds of features are encoded automatically and in parallel during tracking.
引用
收藏
页码:1625 / 1637
页数:13
相关论文
共 67 条
[1]   Object property encoding and change blindness in multiple object tracking [J].
Bahrami, B .
VISUAL COGNITION, 2003, 10 (08) :949-963
[2]  
BECK J, 1966, PERCEPT PSYCHOPHYS, V1, P300, DOI 10.3758/BF03215792
[3]   Shared filtering processes link attentional and visual short-term memory capacity limits [J].
Bettencourt, Katherine C. ;
Michalka, Samantha W. ;
Somers, David C. .
JOURNAL OF VISION, 2011, 11 (10)
[4]   Effects of target enhancement and distractor suppression on multiple object tracking capacity [J].
Bettencourt, Katherine C. ;
Somers, David C. .
JOURNAL OF VISION, 2009, 9 (07)
[5]   The psychophysics toolbox [J].
Brainard, DH .
SPATIAL VISION, 1997, 10 (04) :433-436
[6]  
Breitmeyer Bruno G, 2011, Adv Cogn Psychol, V7, P68, DOI 10.2478/v10053-008-0088-y
[7]   Feature Integration Theory Revisited: Dissociating Feature Detection and Attentional Guidance in Visual Search [J].
Chan, Louis K. H. ;
Hayward, William G. .
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY-HUMAN PERCEPTION AND PERFORMANCE, 2009, 35 (01) :119-132
[8]   Functional anatomy and interaction of fast and slow visual pathways in macaque monkeys [J].
Chen, Chi-Ming ;
Lakatos, Peter ;
Shah, Ankoor S. ;
Mehta, Ashesh D. ;
Givre, Syndee J. ;
Javitt, Daniel C. ;
Schroeder, Charles E. .
CEREBRAL CORTEX, 2007, 17 (07) :1561-1569
[9]   The what-where trade-off in multiple-identity tracking [J].
Cohen, Michael A. ;
Pinto, Yair ;
Howe, Piers D. L. ;
Horowitz, Todd S. .
ATTENTION PERCEPTION & PSYCHOPHYSICS, 2011, 73 (05) :1422-1434
[10]  
Davis G, 1998, J EXP PSYCHOL HUMAN, V24, P169