Endocrine and metabolic abnormalities among HIV-infected patients: A current review

被引:14
作者
Kibirige, Davis [1 ,2 ]
Ssekitoleko, Richard [3 ,4 ]
机构
[1] St Raphael St Francis Hosp Nsambya, Dept Med, Kampala, Uganda
[2] St Raphael St Francis Hosp Nsambya, Diabet & Endocrine Clin, Kampala, Uganda
[3] Makerere Univ, Coll Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Kampala, Uganda
[4] Mulago Natl Referral & Teaching Hosp, Infect Dis Unit, Kampala, Uganda
关键词
Endocrine and metabolic abnormalities; endocrinopathies; HIV; AIDS; antiretroviral therapy; lipodystrophy syndrome; HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; REVERSE-TRANSCRIPTASE INHIBITORS; IMMUNE RECONSTITUTION SYNDROME; PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL; NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA; ADRENAL INSUFFICIENCY; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; RISK-FACTORS; HIV-1-INFECTED PATIENTS;
D O I
10.1177/0956462413479895
中图分类号
R392 [医学免疫学]; Q939.91 [免疫学];
学科分类号
100102 ;
摘要
Multiple endocrine and metabolic abnormalities have been reported among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients since the pre-antiretroviral therapy era. These abnormalities present with either subclinical or overt clinical features. Endocrine and metabolic abnormalities primarily occur due to the direct destructive effects of HIV, malignancies and opportunistic infections on the varied endocrine glands and antiretroviral therapy-associated toxicities. This article offers a broad review on the commonly encountered endocrine and metabolic abnormalities among HIV-infected patients. Timely endocrine or metabolic evaluations should be performed among patients suspected with endocrine or metabolic dysfunction and appropriate treatment instituted since the majority of these conditions pose an increased risk of mortality if undiagnosed or untreated.
引用
收藏
页码:603 / 611
页数:9
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