Usutu Virus Infection of Embryonated Chicken Eggs and a Chicken Embryo-Derived Primary Cell Line

被引:8
作者
Benzarti, Emna [1 ]
Rivas, Jose [1 ]
Sarlet, Michael [1 ]
Franssen, Mathieu [1 ]
Moula, Nassim [1 ]
Savini, Giovanni [2 ]
Lorusso, Alessio [2 ]
Desmecht, Daniel [1 ]
Garigliany, Mutien-Marie [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Liege, Fac Vet Med, Fundamental & Appl Res Anim & Hlth FARAH, Sart Tilman B43, B-4000 Liege, Belgium
[2] Ist Zooprofilatt Sperimentale G Caporale, OIE Reference Ctr West Nile Dis, I-46100 Teramo, Italy
来源
VIRUSES-BASEL | 2020年 / 12卷 / 05期
关键词
flavivirus; chicken embryo; model; Usutu virus; chorioallantoic membrane; primary culture; replication; WEST-NILE-VIRUS; FLAVIVIRUS; INDUCTION; MICE; SUSCEPTIBILITY; ATTENUATION; SENSITIVITY; VACCINES; DISEASE; CULTURE;
D O I
10.3390/v12050531
中图分类号
Q93 [微生物学];
学科分类号
071005 ; 100705 ;
摘要
Usutu virus (USUV) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus, closely related to the West Nile virus (WNV). Similar to WNV, USUV may cause infections in humans, with occasional, but sometimes severe, neurological complications. Further, USUV can be highly pathogenic in wild and captive birds and its circulation in Europe has given rise to substantial avian death. Adequate study models of this virus are still lacking but are critically needed to understand its pathogenesis and virulence spectrum. The chicken embryo is a low-cost, easy-to-manipulate and ethically acceptable model that closely reflects mammalian fetal development and allows immune response investigations, drug screening, and high-throughput virus production for vaccine development. While former studies suggested that this model was refractory to USUV infection, we unexpectedly found that high doses of four phylogenetically distinct USUV strains caused embryonic lethality. By employing immunohistochemistry and quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, we demonstrated that USUV was widely distributed in embryonic tissues, including the brain, retina, and feather follicles. We then successfully developed a primary cell line from the chorioallantoic membrane that was permissive to the virus without the need for viral adaptation. We believe the future use of these models would foster a significant understanding of USUV-induced neuropathogenesis and immune response and allow the future development of drugs and vaccines against USUV.
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页数:19
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