Retinal oxygen saturation and metabolism: how does it pertain to glaucoma? An update on the application of retinal oximetry in glaucoma

Purpose: To discuss the techniques and mechanisms of retinal oximetry with a focus on utilization of retinal oximetry in the assessment of retinal oxygen saturation in glaucoma. Methods: We reviewed recent literature found by searching combinations of the following search terms: glaucoma, retinal oximetry, ocular blood flow, retinal blood flow, oxygen saturation. We also reviewed pertinent references from articles found in this search. Results: Retinal oximetry offers the potential for directly assessing oxygen saturation in retinal tissue. This capability can contribute to the knowledge of ocular blood flow and its role in the pathogenesis of glaucoma. Conclusions: Recent research has shown that retinal oximetry could become an important clinical tool in glaucoma. However, more research is needed to validate the reliability and reproducibility of retinal oximetry, and to fully deduce its clinical role in ocular diseases.