THE IMPACT OF THE METEOROLOGICAL FACTORS ON THE CALCULATION OF CROPS WATER CONSUMPTION AND VERTICAL MOISTURE EXCHANGE IN SOIL

Aim of the study The aim of the work was to develop methods for calculating water consumption of plants and vertical moisture exchange, focusing on the impact of meteorological factors upon the agricultural conditions of reclaimed soils. Material and methods The methods of Shebeko, Rogotskiy and Pylenok, which are commonly used in Russia, were assumed as the basis of the study. The research was carried out on an ecological landfill created in the Oka river basin near Riazan (central part of the Russian Plain). The empirical data of agro-climatologic, radiation, lysimetric and soil moisture measurements in the period from the beginning of May to the end of September during the years 1981-2018 were taken into account in the conducted analyses. Processing of research materials was carried out using such methods as analysis of variance, calculation of statistical characteristics of the sample, linear correlation. The analysis of the influence of meteorological factors on the water balance of soil with three agricultural crops: lupine, potatoes, and oats was conducted in the 16 weeks following the time of sowing (planting) the crops in the field. Results and conclusions Such investigated temporal dynamics of water consumption has pointed to strong correlations of this consumption with radiation balance, saturation deficit, and bioclimatic coefficients of the agricultural crops. The new coefficients were proposed, providing more precision than the studies conducted previously in Russia, applied in the methods of calculating water consumption and vertical moisture exchange. There exists a need to calculate the optimum irrigation regime of drained soils, and to plan the regime for complex land reclamation, including technologically contaminated lands.