High DGK-α and Disabled MAPK Pathways Cause Dysfunction of Human Tumor-Infiltrating CD8+ T Cells That Is Reversible by Pharmacologic Intervention

被引:72
作者
Prinz, Petra U. [1 ]
Mendler, Anna N. [1 ]
Masouris, Ilias [1 ]
Durner, Leopold [2 ]
Oberneder, Ralph [2 ]
Noessner, Elfriede [1 ]
机构
[1] Helmholtz Ctr Munich, Inst Mol Immunol, German Res Ctr Environm Hlth, D-81377 Munich, Germany
[2] Urol Clin Munich Planegg, D-82132 Planegg, Germany
关键词
MICROTUBULE-ORGANIZING CENTER; DIACYLGLYCEROL KINASES; GRANULE EXOCYTOSIS; CYTOLYTIC ACTIVITY; CARCINOMA; CANCER; LYMPHOCYTES; EXPRESSION; TOLERANCE; ANERGY;
D O I
10.4049/jimmunol.1103028
中图分类号
R392 [医学免疫学]; Q939.91 [免疫学];
学科分类号
100102 ;
摘要
CD8(+) tumor-infiltrating T cells (CD8-TILs) are found in many types of tumors including human renal cell carcinoma. However, tumor rejection rarely occurs, suggesting limited functional activity in the tumor microenvironment. In this study, we document that CD8-TILs are unresponsive to CD3 stimulation, showing neither lytic activity, nor lytic granule exocytosis, nor IFN-gamma production. Mechanistically, no deficits in TCR proximal signaling molecules (lymphocyte-specific protein tyrosine kinase, phospholipase C gamma) were identified. In contrast, distal TCR signaling was suppressed, as T cells of TILs showed strongly reduced steady-state phosphorylation of the MAPK ERK and were unable to increase phosphorylation of ERK and JNK as well as AKT and AKT client proteins (I kappa B, GSK3) after stimulation. These deficits were tumor-specific as they were not observed in CD8(+) T cells infiltrating non-tumor kidney areas (CD8(+) non-tumor kidney-infiltrating lymphocytes; CD8-NILs). Diacylglycerol kinase-alpha (DGK-alpha) was more highly expressed in CD8-TILs compared with that in CD8-NILs, and its inhibition improved ERK phosphorylation and lytic granule exocytosis. Cultivation of TILs in low-dose IL-2 reduced DGK-alpha protein levels, increased steady-state phosphorylation of ERK, improved stimulation-induced phosphorylation of ERK and AKT, and allowed more CD8-TILs to degranulate and to produce IFN-gamma. Additionally, the protein level of the AKT client molecule p27kip, an inhibitory cell cycle protein, was reduced, whereas cyclin E, which promotes G1-S phase transition, was increased. These results indicate that the tumor-inflicted deficits of TILs are reversible. DGK-alpha inhibition and provision of IL-2 signals could be strategies to recruit the natural CD8(+) T cells to the anti-tumor response and may help prevent inactivation of adoptively transferred T cells thereby improving therapeutic efficacy. The Journal of Immunology, 2012, 188: 5990-6000.
引用
收藏
页码:5990 / 6000
页数:11
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