Electrochemical sensing of ciprofloxacin and paracetamol in environmental water using titanium sol based sensor

In this work we present a new sensitive electrochemical method for simultaneous determination of ciprofloxacin (antibiotic) and paracetamol (painkiller). For this purpose graphite electrode was modified with titanium dioxide sol as binding agent. TiO2 sol was enriched with gold nanoparticles and CMK-3 type mesoporous carbon, both increasing the composite conductivity, and Nafion, responsible for signal stabilization. Developed sensor has been characterized via cyclic voltammetry technique presenting LOD equal to 0.108 mu M and 0.210 mu M and sensitivity of 15.93 mu A mu M-1 and 11.56 mu A mu M-1 for ciprofloxacin and paracetamol, respectively. For both analytes two linear ranges from 1 to 10 mu M and from 10 to 52 mu M were found. Developed method enables to determine with high accuracy and precision ciprofloxacin and paracetamol traces in environmental water matrices as well as in certified reference standard of waste water matrix.