Elements of Morphology: Standard Terminology for the Lips, Mouth, and Oral Region

被引：80

作者：

Carey, John C. ^{[1
]}

Cohen, M. Michael, Jr. ^{[2
]}

Curry, Cynthia J. R.

Devriendt, Koenraad ^{[3
]}

Holmes, Lewis B. ^{[4
]}

Verloes, Alain ^{[5
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Utah, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pediat, Div Med Genet, Salt Lake City, UT 84108 USA

[2] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Pediat, Halifax, NS, Canada

[3] Katholieke Univ Leuven, Louvain, Belgium

[4] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Boston, MA 02115 USA

[5] Robert Debre Hosp, Clin Genet Unit, Paris, France

来源：

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART A | 2009年 / 149A卷 / 01期

关键词：

nomenclature; definitions; terminology; lips; mouth; anatomy; anthropometry; TEETH;

D O I：

10.1002/ajmg.a.32602

中图分类号：

Q3 [遗传学];

学科分类号：

071007 ; 090102 ;

摘要：

An international group of clinicians and scientists working in the field of dysmorphology has initiated the standardization of terms used to describe human morphology. The goals are to standardize these terms and reach consensus regarding their definitions. In this way, we will increase the utility of descriptions of the human phenotype and facilitate reliable comparisons of findings among patients. Discussions with other workers in dysmorpholgy and related fields, such as developmental biology and molecular genetics, will become more precise. Here we summarize the anatomy of the oral region and define and illustrate the terms that describe the major characteristics of the lips and mouth (C) 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

引用

页码：77 / 92

页数：16

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