Saving rainforests in the South Pacific: challenges in ex situ conservation

被引:22
作者
Sommerville, Karen D. [1 ]
Clarke, Bronwyn [2 ]
Keppel, Gunnar [3 ,4 ]
McGill, Craig [5 ]
Newby, Zoe-Joy [1 ]
Wyse, Sarah V. [6 ]
James, Shelley A. [7 ]
Offord, Catherine A. [1 ]
机构
[1] Royal Bot Gardens & Domain Trust, Australian PlantBank, Mt Annan, NSW 2567, Australia
[2] CSIRO, Australian Tree Seed Ctr, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
[3] Univ South Australia, Sch Nat & Built Environm, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia
[4] Univ Gottingen, Fac Forest Sci, Biodivers Macroecol & Conservat Biogeog Grp, Busgenweg 1, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany
[5] Massey Univ, Inst Agr & Environm, Private Bag 11 222, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
[6] Kew, Royal Bot Gardens, Wakehurst Pl, Richmond RH17 6TN, Surrey, England
[7] Royal Bot Gardens & Domain Trust, Natl Herbarium New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia
关键词
cryopreservation; living collections; orthodox; recalcitrant; restoration; seed banking; seed storage behaviour; tissue culture; WHITEWOOD ENDOSPERMUM-MEDULLOSUM; TROPICAL DRY FORESTS; MYRTLE RUST; SPECIES RICHNESS; SEED DISPERSAL; CLIMATE-CHANGE; WOOD DENSITY; ISLAND; FRAGMENTATION; BIODIVERSITY;
D O I
10.1071/BT17096
中图分类号
Q94 [植物学];
学科分类号
071001 ;
摘要
Rainforests in the South Pacific hold a considerable amount of plant diversity, with rates of species endemism >80% in some countries. This diversity is rapidly disappearing under pressure from logging, clearing for agriculture or mining, introduced pests and diseases and other anthropogenic sources. Ex situ conservation techniques offer a means to limit the loss of plant diversity. Seed banking is considered the most efficient and cost effective of these techniques but is applicable only to seed capable of tolerating desiccation and cold storage. Data on the degree of tolerance of these conditions was lacking for more than half of the 1503 South Pacific rainforest genera examined for this review. Of the 710 genera for which data were available, the storage behaviour of 324 was based on an assessment of only one or two species, although 76% of those genera contained at least 10 species. Many of the unstudied or poorly studied genera are shared across several South Pacific nations, providing an excellent opportunity for collaboration on future ex situ research and conservation. Of the 386 genera for which three or more species have been studied, 343 have a very high proportion of species (>95% of those tested) that are suitable for seed banking. Seed banking could therefore provide a suitable means for preserving a large proportion of the rainforest flora before it becomes extinct in the wild. Alternatives for preserving species that are not suitable for seed banking are also discussed.
引用
收藏
页码:609 / 624
页数:16
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