RANDOM SURVIVAL FORESTS

被引:1946
作者
Ishwaran, Hemant [1 ]
Kogalur, Udaya B. [2 ]
Blackstone, Eugene H. [3 ]
Lauer, Michael S. [4 ]
机构
[1] Cleveland Clin, Dept Quantitat Hlth Sci, Cleveland, OH 44195 USA
[2] Columbia Univ, Dept Stat, New York, NY 10027 USA
[3] Cleveland Clin, Dept Thorac & Cardiovasc Surg, Cleveland, OH 44195 USA
[4] NHLBI, Div Prevent & Populat Sci, Rockledge Ctr 2, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA
基金
美国国家卫生研究院;
关键词
Conservation of events; cumulative hazard function; ensemble; out-of-bag; prediction error; survival tree;
D O I
10.1214/08-AOAS169
中图分类号
O21 [概率论与数理统计]; C8 [统计学];
学科分类号
020208 ; 070103 ; 0714 ;
摘要
We introduce random survival forests, a random forests method for the analysis of right-censored survival data. New survival splitting rules for growing survival trees are introduced, as is a new missing data algorithm for imputing missing data. A conservation-of-events principle for survival forests is introduced and used to define ensemble mortality, a simple interpretable measure of mortality that can be used as a predicted outcome. Several illustrative examples are given, including a case study of the prognostic implications of body mass for individuals with coronary artery disease. Computations for all examples were implemented using the freely available R-software package. randomSurvivalForest.
引用
收藏
页码:841 / 860
页数:20
相关论文
共 36 条
[1]   Overweight, obesity, and mortality in a large prospective cohort of persons 50 to 71 years old [J].
Adams, Kenneth F. ;
Schatzkin, Arthur ;
Harris, Tamara B. ;
Kipnis, Victor ;
Mouw, Traci ;
Ballard-Barbash, Rachel ;
Hollenbeck, Albert ;
Leitzmann, Michael F. .
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE, 2006, 355 (08) :763-778
[2]   SmcHD1, containing a structural-maintenance-of-chromosomes hinge domain, has a critical role in X inactivation [J].
Blewitt, Marnie E. ;
Gendrel, Anne-Valerie ;
Pang, Zhenyi ;
Sparrow, Duncan B. ;
Whitelaw, Nadia ;
Craig, Jeffrey M. ;
Apedaile, Anwyn ;
Hilton, Douglas J. ;
Dunwoodie, Sally L. ;
Brockdorff, Neil ;
Kay, Graham F. ;
Whitelaw, Emma .
NATURE GENETICS, 2008, 40 (05) :663-669
[3]   Random forests [J].
Breiman, L .
MACHINE LEARNING, 2001, 45 (01) :5-32
[4]   Random forests [J].
Breiman, L .
MACHINE LEARNING, 2001, 45 (01) :5-32
[5]  
BREIMAN L, 2002, WALD LECT M I MATH S
[6]  
Breiman L., 2003, Manual on Setting Up, Using and Understanding Random Forest
[7]  
CORTES C, 1995, MACH LEARN, V20, P273, DOI 10.1023/A:1022627411411
[8]  
Eagle KA, 2004, J AM COLL CARDIOL, V44, P213
[9]   Cause-specific excess deaths associated with underweight, overweight, and obesity [J].
Flegal, Katherine M. ;
Graubard, Barry I. ;
Williamson, David F. ;
Gail, Mitchell H. .
JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION, 2007, 298 (17) :2028-2037
[10]   Excess deaths associated with underweight, overweight, and obesity [J].
Flegal, KM ;
Graubard, BI ;
Williamson, DF ;
Gail, MH .
JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION, 2005, 293 (15) :1861-1867