Single-bilayer graphene oxide sheet tolerance and glutathione redox system significance assessment in faba bean (Vicia faba L.)

被引:93
作者
Anjum, Naser A. [1 ]
Singh, Neetu [2 ,3 ]
Singh, Manoj K. [2 ,3 ]
Shah, Zahoor A. [4 ]
Duarte, Armando C. [1 ]
Pereira, Eduarda [1 ]
Ahmad, Iqbal [1 ,5 ]
机构
[1] Univ Aveiro, Ctr Environm & Marine Studies CESAM, P-3810193 Aveiro, Portugal
[2] Univ Aveiro, Ctr Mech Technol & Automat TEMA, P-3810193 Aveiro, Portugal
[3] Univ Aveiro, Dept Mech Engn, P-3810193 Aveiro, Portugal
[4] Univ Toledo, Coll Pharm & Pharmaceut Sci, Dept Med & Biol Chem, Toledo, OH 43606 USA
[5] Univ Aveiro, Dept Biol, P-3810193 Aveiro, Portugal
关键词
Graphene oxide; Vicia faba; Glutathione redox system; Tolerance; ENGINEERED NANOPARTICLES; PHYTOTOXICITY; SEEDLINGS; PLANTS; EVOLUTION; ASCORBATE; TOXICITY; CADMIUM; ENZYMES; STRESS;
D O I
10.1007/s11051-013-1770-7
中图分类号
O6 [化学];
学科分类号
0703 ;
摘要
Adsorbents based on single-bilayer graphene oxide sheet (hereafter termed "graphene oxide") are widely used in contaminated environments cleanup which may easily open the avenues for their entry to different environmental compartments, exposure to organisms and their subsequent transfer to human/animal food chain. Considering a common food crop-faba bean (Vicia faba L.) germinating seedlings as a model plant system, this study assesses the V. faba-tolerance to different concentrations (0, 100, 200, 400, 800, and 1600 mg L-1) of graphene oxide (0.5-5 mu m) and evaluates glutathione (gamma-glutamyl-cysteinyl-glycine) redox system significance in this context. The results showed significantly increased V. faba sensitivity under three graphene oxide concentrations (in order of impact: 1,600 > 200 > 100 mg graphene oxide L-1), which was accompanied by decreased glutathione redox (reduced glutathione-to-oxidized glutathione) ratio, reduced glutathione pool, as well as significant and equally elevated activities of glutathione-regenerating (glutathione reductase) and glutathione-metabolizing (glutathione peroxidase; glutathione sulfo-transferase) enzymes. Contrarily, the two graphene oxide concentrations (in order of impact: 800 > 400 graphene oxide mg L-1) yielded promising results; where, significant improvements in V. faba health status (measured as increased graphene oxide tolerance) were clearly perceptible with increased ratio of the reduced glutathione-to-oxidized glutathione, reduced glutathione pool and glutathione reductase activity but decreased activities of glutathione-metabolizing enzymes. It is inferred that V. faba seedlings-sensitivity and/or tolerance to graphene oxide concentrations depends on both the cellular redox state (reduced glutathione-to-oxidized glutathione ratio) and the reduced glutathione pool which in turn are controlled by a finely tuned modulation of the coordination between glutathione-regenerating and glutathione-metabolizing enzymes.
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页数:12
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