Application of an augmented reality tool for maxillary positioning in orthognathic surgery -: A feasibility study

Background: An augmented reality tool for computer assisted surgery named X-Scope(R) allows visual tracking of real anatomical structures in superposition with volume rendered CT or MRI scans and thus can be used for navigated translocation of bony segments. Methods: In a feasibility study X-Scope(R) was used in orthognathic surgery to control the translocation of the maxilla after Le Fort I osteotomy within a bimaxillary procedure. The situation achieved was compared with the pre-operative situation by means of cephalometric analysis on lateral and frontal cephalograms. Results: The technique was successfully utilized in 5 patients. Maxillary positioning using X-Scope(R) was accomplished accurately within a range of 1 mm. The tool was used in all cases in addition to the usual intra-operative splints. A stand-alone application without conventional control does not yet seem resonable. Conclusion: Augmented reality tools like X-Scope(R) may be helpful for controlling maxillary translocation in orthognathic surgery. The application to other interventions in cranio-maxillofacial surgery such as Le Fort III osteotomy, fronto-orbital advancement, and cranial vault reshaping or repair may also be considered. (C) 2006 European Association for Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery.