Effects of oral deoxynivalenol exposure on immune-related parameters in lymphoid organs and serum of mice vaccinated with porcine parvovirus vaccine

Mice were exposed to deoxynivalenol (DON) via drinking water at a concentration of 2 mg/L for 36 days. On day 8 of treatment, inactivated porcine parvovirus vaccine (PPV) was injected intraperitoneally. The relative and absolute weight of the spleen was significantly decreased in the DON-treated group (DON). Antibody titers to parvovirus in serum were 47.9 +/- 2.4 in the vaccination group (Vac), but 15.2 +/- 6.5 in the group treated with DON and vaccine (DON+Vac). The IgA and IgG was not different in the DON, Vac an,d DON+Vac groups. IgM was significantly lower only in the DON+Vac group. However IgE was significantly increased in the Vac and DON+Vac group, but no change was observed between the Vac and DON+Vac groups. The concentrations of IL-2, IL-4, GM-CSF, MCP-1 and Rantes in serum, and IL-1 alpha in mesenteric lymph node and MIP-1 beta in spleen were significantly increased by DON treatment compared to control. The concentrations of IL-2, IL-5, IL-6, IL-9, IL-12, IL-13 and Rantes in thymus, of IL-2 in spleen, and of IL-1 alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-3, IL-5, IL-10, IL-17, G-CSF, GM-CSF and MCP-1 in mesenteric lymph nodes were significantly decreased in mice compared to those in the Vac group, while concentrations of IL-1 alpha, IL-2, IL-9, IL-13, G-CSF, GM-CSF, IFN-gamma, MCP-1, MIP-1 alpha and TNF-alpha were significantly increased in serum compared to the Vac group. In conclusion, the results presented here indicate that exposure to DON at 2.0 mg/L via drinking water can disrupt the immune response in vaccinated mice by modulating cytokines and chemokines involved in their immune response to infectious disease.