Cancer Antigen 125 (CA125), Human Epididymis Protein 4 (HE4), Risk of Malignancy Index (RMI), and Risk of Ovarian Malignancy Algorithm (ROMA) as Diagnostic Tests in Ovarian Cancer

Background: Distinguishing between malignant and benign ovarian masses is necessary to refer patients to centers with experience in the surgical. Objectives: The aim of this study was to analyze the diagnostic value of the tumor markers, including risk of malignancy index (RMI), human epididymis protein 4 (HE4), cancer antigen125 (CA125), and risk of ovarian malignancy algorithm (ROMA) in ovarian mass. Methods: One hundred patients with ovarian masses were assessed for the tumor markers ROMA, HE4, RMI, and CA125. The sensitivity and specificity of each parameter were calculated, using receiver-operating characteristic curves (ROCS) according to the area under the curve (AUC) for each method. Results: The median CA125, HE4, RMI, and ROMA serum levels had significant difference between malignant and benign masses in the overall assessment (P < 0.001). The AUCs were 0.83 (CA125), 0.88 (HE4), 0.85 (RMI), and 0.92 (ROMA) for benign vs. malignant masses in all the patients. The comparison of ROC curves was carried out, using a pairwise comparison method, and no differences were found among 4 methods. Conclusions: The results based on the AUC markers of CA125, HE4, RMI, and ROMA revealed that the accuracy trend of ROMA was higher than that of CA125, HE4, and RMI in all the patients and each group of pre- and post-menopausal patients.