Socioeconomic Factors Association with Knowledge and Practice of Breast Self-Examination among Iranian Women

Background: Breast cancer is the leading type of cancer in women and is one of the most frequent cancers among Iranian women. Delay in diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer diminishes a women's chance of survival. Breast self-examination (BSE) may be effective in early detection. The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between Iranian women's socioeconomic status and their knowledge and practice of BSE. Methods: Data were from a hospital-based case-control study among women diagnosed with breast cancer. Control subjects were matched to patients on age. 303 breast cancer patients and 303 control women were interviewed. Socioeconomic status and information including knowledge and practices of breast self examination and clinical breast examination were recorded and compared. Results: The mean +/- SD age of cases and controls was 48.2 +/- 9.8 and 50.2 +/- 11.1 (range 24-84 years), respectively. The study revealed that there were significant relationships between education level and knowledge and practices of breast self examination in both cases and controls, increase in usage being observed with the level of education (P<0.05). Conclusion: The findings suggest that the knowledge and practices of women toward breast cancer early detection are inadequate in women with a lower level of education. Mass media cancer education should promote widespread access to information about early detection behavior.