Phytofabrication of silver nanoparticles using Bacopa monnieri leaf extract and its antibacterial activity as well as oxidative stress-induced apoptosis of lung cancer

The biological method for synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using Bacopa monneri leaves and its anti-proliferation against human lung adenocarcinoma cell line (A549) was studied. The AgNPs synthesis was determined by an ultraviolet-visible spectrum and was confirmed primarily by the colour change and surface plasmon resonance was observed at 450nm and its reduction of functional groups stretched in AgNPs was identified by Fourier transform infrared and the crystalline nature of AgNPs was confirmed by X-ray diffraction. The structural morphology of the AgNPs was found to be spherical and polygonal shape and size (>35nm) were determined by field emission scanning electron microscopy analysis and its purity was identified by energy dispersive analysis of X-rays (EDAX). A further, antibacterial activity of biosynthesised AgNPs against Gram negative and Gram positive bacteria was assessed. The cytotoxic effect of synthesised AgNPs was analysed against human lung adenocarcinoma cells by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. The GI(50) was found to be 20 mu g/ml at 24h incubation. The apoptosis cells containing condensate and marginalised chromatin stages were analysed by propidium iodide staining and DNA damage was observed in A549 treated cells. The present study strongly emphasised that the bioactive molecule-coated AgNPs could have potential for biomedical applications and significant anticancer effects against human lung adenocarcinoma cells.