[1] Harvard Univ, Program Global Surg & Social Change, Dept Global Hlth & Social Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA
[2] Univ Toronto, Dept Surg, Toronto, ON, Canada
[3] Univ Toronto, Fac Med, Toronto, ON, Canada
[4] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Dept Surg, Boston, MA 02114 USA
[5] Harvard Humanitarian Initiat, Boston, MA USA
[6] Boston Childrens Hosp, Dept Plast & Oral Surg, Boston, MA 02115 USA
[7] Ctr Surg & Publ Hlth, Boston, MA USA
[8] UNC Project Malawi, Lilongwe, Malawi
[9] Montefiore Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Bronx, NY 10467 USA