The effect of smoking on DNA effects in the comet assay:: a meta-analysis

被引:94
作者
Hoffmann, H [1 ]
Högel, J [1 ]
Speit, G [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Ulm, Abt Humangenet, D-89069 Ulm, Germany
关键词
TRPV1; capsaicin receptor; neurogenic inflammation; respiratory inflammation; BEAS-2B; particulate matter;
D O I
10.1093/mutage/gei064
中图分类号
Q3 [遗传学];
学科分类号
071007 ; 090102 ;
摘要
The comet assay (alkaline single-cell gel electrophoresis, SCG or SCGE) is frequently used in biomonitoring to detect genotoxic effects in humans exposed at the workplace or in their environment. Because of its ready accessibility, blood is most frequently used in such studies. Many studies investigated cigarette smoking either as a genotoxic exposure itself or as a potential confounding factor in occupational studies. However, although smoking is considered to be a relevant exposure towards various genotoxins, conflicting results have been reported in the comet assay studies. The actual reasons for this discrepancy are not known. To further evaluate evidence for smoking-related DNA effects in the comet assay, we now used a meta-analysis approach based on a literature search. We identified 38 studies from 37 publications which were suited for a formal meta-analysis based on the standardized mean difference (SMD) between the study groups. The evaluation of these 38 studies indicated higher levels of DNA damage in smokers than in non-smokers [under a random effects model, SMD = 0.55, 95% confidence interval = (0.16-0.93)]. Subdividing these studies into studies investigating the effect of smoking as a genotoxic exposure (Type A studies, n = 12) and studies investigating smoking as a potential confounder in occupational studies (Type B, n = 26) indicated a significant difference only in Type A studies but not in Type B studies. Furthermore, studies using image analysis or image length measurements (n = 23) only indicated a tendency for a genotoxic effect of smoking, whereas studies using an arbitrary score (n = 15) found a significantly higher level of DNA damage in smokers.
引用
收藏
页码:455 / 466
页数:12
相关论文
共 192 条
[1]   IPCS guidelines for the monitoring of genotoxic effects of carcinogens in humans [J].
Albertini, RJ ;
Anderson, D ;
Douglas, GR ;
Hagmar, L ;
Hemminki, K ;
Merlo, F ;
Natarajan, AT ;
Norppa, H ;
Shuker, DEG ;
Tice, R ;
Waters, MD ;
Aitio, A .
MUTATION RESEARCH-REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH, 2000, 463 (02) :111-172
[2]   THE EFFECT OF VARIOUS ANTIOXIDANTS AND OTHER MODIFYING AGENTS ON OXYGEN-RADICAL-GENERATED DNA-DAMAGE IN HUMAN-LYMPHOCYTES IN THE COMET ASSAY [J].
ANDERSON, D ;
YU, TW ;
PHILLIPS, BJ ;
SCHMEZER, P .
MUTATION RESEARCH, 1994, 307 (01) :261-271
[3]   Factors that contribute to biomarker responses in humans including a study in individuals taking Vitamin C supplementation [J].
Anderson, D .
MUTATION RESEARCH-FUNDAMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF MUTAGENESIS, 2001, 480 :337-347
[4]   An examination of DNA strand breakage in the comet assay and antioxidant capacity in diabetic patients [J].
Anderson, D ;
Yu, TW ;
Wright, J ;
Ioannides, C .
MUTATION RESEARCH-FUNDAMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF MUTAGENESIS, 1998, 398 (1-2) :151-161
[5]  
Anderson D, 1999, TERATOGEN CARCIN MUT, V19, P147, DOI 10.1002/(SICI)1520-6866(1999)19:2<147::AID-TCM7>3.3.CO
[6]  
2-Q
[7]  
Anderson D, 1997, ENVIRON MOL MUTAGEN, V30, P161, DOI 10.1002/(SICI)1098-2280(1997)30:2<161::AID-EM9>3.0.CO
[8]  
2-Q
[9]   Detection of DNA damage in human lymphocytes by alkaline single cell gel electrophoresis after exposure to benzene or benzene metabolites [J].
Andreoli, C ;
Leopardi, P ;
Crebelli, R .
MUTATION RESEARCH-FUNDAMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF MUTAGENESIS, 1997, 377 (01) :95-104
[10]   Evaluation of benzo(a)pyrene-induced DNA damage in human endothelial cells using alkaline single cell gel electrophoresis [J].
Annas, A ;
Brittebo, E ;
Hellman, B .
MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS, 2000, 471 (1-2) :145-155