Defining a magnetic resonance scan sequence for permanent seed prostate brachytherapy postimplant assessment

PURPOSE: We describe a magnetic resonance (MR) scan sequence for prostate brachytherapy postimplant assessment. METHODS AND MATERIALS: One brachytherapy team at the British Columbia Cancer Agency has incorporated MR-CT fusion into their permanent seed prostate brachytherapy quality assurance procedure. Several attempts were required to ensure that the diagnostic MR scanner at the adjoining general hospital performed the desired sequence, providing many examples of suboptimal scans and underlining the pitfalls for a center trying to incorporate the use of MR scanning into their brachytherapy program. RESULTS: The recommended sequence (Fast Spin Echo T2-weighted, repetition time [TR]/echo time [TB] 4500/90, echo train length [ETL] 10, 20 x 20 field of view [FOV], 80 bandwidth [BW]) is associated with superior edge detection when compared with those images in which a typical diagnostic sequence was used. The use of a low bandwidth sequence does not compromise edge detection or seed identification when compared with a higher bandwidth. CONCLUSIONS: We have defined a magnetic resonance imaging sequence, which appears to optimize both prostate delineation and identification of seeds, lending itself to straightforward fusion with CT images and allowing for less uncertainty in permanent seed prostate brachytherapy quality assurance. (C) 2013 American Brachytherapy Society. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.