Observation of the Seismic Wave in Marble in Laboratory Conditions<bold> </bold>

The article presents the results of the study of the localization of deformation on the Sayansky white marble samples during deformation by compression at a constant rate at room temperature. Digital image correlation (DIC) method was used for the observation of the process of deformation. Simultaneously with DIC, the velocity and attenuation of ultrasonic were measured at the opposite side of the sample. The signal generation and reception were provided by two piezoelectric elements mounted in one sensor with a resonant frequency of 5 MHz. As a result fronts movements of localized deformation with velocities of 1-5 mm/s were detected. According to the classification of V.N. Nikolaevskii it corresponds to the velocities of a solitary tectonic wave motion in order of magnitude 10100 km/year. Hence, a solitary stress wave corresponding to the migration rates of seismic activity in geodynamics was obtained on small samples in laboratory conditions. At the same time, the existence of a horizontal section with a length at least of 0.1% of the total deformation on the attenuation-strain dependence immediately before the appearance of a macroscopic crack was discovered. Thus, the registration of a constant attenuation at some period of deformation can be considered as an indicator of a macroscopic crack appearance.<bold> </bold>