Hydrogen in the extended Venus exosphere

被引：21

作者：

Delva, M. ^{[1
]}

Volwerk, M. ^{[1
]}

Mazelle, C. ^{[4
]}

Chaufray, J. Y. ^{[3
]}

Bertaux, J. L. ^{[2
,6
]}

Zhang, T. L. ^{[1
]}

Voeroes, Z. ^{[5
]}

机构：

[1] Austrian Acad Sci, Space Res Inst, A-8042 Graz, Austria

[2] CNRS, Serv Aeron, IPSL, F-91371 Verrieres Le Buisson, France

[3] SW Res Inst, San Antonio, TX 78228 USA

[4] Univ Toulouse 3, CESR, CNRS, F-31028 Toulouse, France

[5] Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Particle Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria

[6] Univ Versailles St Quentin, Inst Pierre Simon Laplace, Guyancourt, France

来源：

GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS | 2009年 / 36卷

关键词：

BOW SHOCK; COMET P/HALLEY; MAGNETIC-FIELD; ION PICKUP; MARS; WAVES; UPSTREAM; ATOMS; INSTABILITIES; ENVIRONMENT;

D O I：

10.1029/2008GL036164

中图分类号：

P [天文学、地球科学];

学科分类号：

07 ;

摘要：

The nearly absence of water in the atmosphere of Venus is a major difference to the situation at Earth. The actual content of hydrogen in the exosphere is still an open issue, since no in situ measurements are available yet. A different method uses the presence of proton cyclotron waves as an early tracer of ionized planetary hydrogen picked-up by the solar wind, especially in the region upstream of the bow shock. Here, we report long-term observations over two full Venus-years of upstream proton cyclotron waves by the magnetometer on the Venus Express spacecraft, which indicate permanent ionization and pick-up of hydrogen by the solar wind upstream of the planetary bow shock up to high altitudes. The pick-up protons are shown to be of planetary origin, whereas other sources of neutral hydrogen have only negligible contribution. Therefore, the observation of upstream proton cyclotron waves in the solar wind is a clear indication for the existence of an extended neutral hydrogen corona at Venus, with significant local number densities up to an altitude of eight planetary radii. Recent observations of the exospheric Lyman-alpha emission also indicate hot neutral hydrogen densities which are higher than expected. Citation: Delva, M., M. Volwerk, C. Mazelle, J. Y. Chaufray, J. L. Bertaux, T. L. Zhang, and Z. Voros (2009), Hydrogen in the extended Venus exosphere, Geophys. Res. Lett., 36, L01203, doi: 10.1029/2008GL036164.

引用

页数：5

共 35 条

[1] The loss of ions from Venus through the plasma wake [J].

Barabash, S. ;

Fedorov, A. ;

Sauvaud, J. J. ;

Lundin, R. ;

Russell, C. T. ;

Futaana, Y. ;

Zhang, T. L. ;

Andersson, H. ;

Brinkfeldt, K. ;

Grigoriev, A. ;

Holmstrom, M. ;

Yamauchi, M. ;

Asamura, K. ;

Baumjohann, W. ;

Lammer, H. ;

Coates, A. J. ;

Kataria, D. O. ;

Linder, D. R. ;

Curtis, C. C. ;

Hsieh, K. C. ;

Sandel, B. R. ;

Grande, M. ;

Gunell, H. ;

Koskinen, H. E. J. ;

Kallio, E. ;

Riihela, P. ;

Sales, T. ;

Schmidt, W. ;

Kozyra, J. ;

Krupp, N. ;

Franz, M. ;

Woch, J. ;

Luhmann, J. ;

McKenna-Lawlor, S. ;

Mazelle, C. ;

Thocaven, J. -J. ;

Orsini, S. ;

Cerulli-Irelli, R. ;

Mura, M. ;

Milillo, M. ;

Maggi, M. ;

Roelof, E. ;

Brandt, P. ;

Szego, K. ;

Winningham, J. D. ;

Frahm, R. A. ;

Scherrer, J. ;

Sharber, J. R. ;

Wurz, P. ;

Bochsler, P. .

NATURE, 2007, 450 (7170) :650-653

[2] A warm layer in Venus' cryosphere and high-altitude measurements of HF, HCl, H2O and HDO [J].

Bertaux, Jean-Loup ;

Vandaele, Ann-Carine ;

Korablev, Oleg ;

Villard, E. ;

Fedorova, A. ;

Fussen, D. ;

Quemerais, E. ;

Belyaev, D. ;

Mahieux, A. ;

Montmessin, F. ;

Muller, C. ;

Neefs, E. ;

Nevejans, D. ;

Wilquet, V. ;

Dubois, J. P. ;

Hauchecorne, A. ;

Stepanov, A. ;

Vinogradov, I. ;

Rodin, A. .

NATURE, 2007, 450 (7170) :646-649

[3] Observations of low-frequency electromagnetic plasma waves upstream from the Martian shock -: art. no. 1076 [J].

Brain, DA ;

Bagenal, F ;

Acuña, MH ;

Connerney, JEP ;

Crider, DH ;

Mazelle, C ;

Mitchell, DL ;

Ness, NF .

JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS, 2002, 107 (A6)

[4]

BRINCA AL, 1991, GEOPHYS MONOGR SER, V61, P211

[5] Observation of the hydrogen corona with SPICAM on Mars Express [J].

Chaufray, J. Y. ;

Bertaux, J. L. ;

Leblanc, F. ;

Quemerais, E. .

ICARUS, 2008, 195 (02) :598-613

[6] 1D hybrid simulations of planetary ion-pickup: Energy partition [J].

Cowee, M. M. ;

Winske, D. ;

Russell, C. T. ;

Strangeway, R. J. .

GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, 2007, 34 (02)

[7] First upstream proton cyclotron wave observations at Venus [J].

Delva, M. ;

Zhang, T. L. ;

Volwerk, M. ;

Magnes, W. ;

Russell, C. T. ;

Wei, H. Y. .

GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, 2008, 35 (03)

[8] Proton cyclotron waves in the solar wind at Venus [J].

Delva, M. ;

Zhang, T. L. ;

Volwerk, M. ;

Voeroes, Z. ;

Pope, S. A. .

JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-PLANETS, 2008, 113

[9] First ENA observations at Mars:: Subsolar ENA jet [J].

Futaana, Y. ;

Barabash, S. ;

Grigoriev, A. ;

Holmstrom, M. ;

Kallio, E. ;

C son Brandt, P. ;

Gunell, H. ;

Brinkfeldt, K. ;

Lundin, R. ;

Andersson, H. ;

Yamauchi, M. ;

McKenna-Lawler, S. ;

Winningham, J. D. ;

Frahm, R. A. ;

Sharber, J. R. ;

Scherrer, J. R. ;

Coates, A. J. ;

Linder, D. R. ;

Kataria, D. O. ;

Sales, T. ;

Riihela, P. ;

Schmidt, W. ;

Koskinen, H. ;

Kozyra, J. ;

Luhmann, J. ;

Roelof, E. ;

Williams, D. ;

Livi, S. ;

Curtis, C. C. ;

Hsieh, K. C. ;

Sandel, B. R. ;

Grande, M. ;

Carter, M. ;

Sauvaud, J. -A. ;

Fedorov, A. ;

Thocaven, J. -J. ;

Orsini, S. ;

Cerulli-Irelli, R. ;

Maggi, M. ;

Wurz, P. ;

Bochsler, P. ;

Krupp, N. ;

Woch, J. ;

Fraenz, M. ;

Asamura, K. ;

Dierker, C. .

ICARUS, 2006, 182 (02) :413-423

[10]

GARY SP, 1991, SPACE SCI REV, V56, P373, DOI 10.1007/BF00196632

← 1 2 3 4 →