No Holes Barred: Invasion of the Intestinal Mucosa by Mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis

被引:44
作者
Bannantine, John P. [1 ]
Bermudez, Luiz E. [2 ,3 ]
机构
[1] USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA
[2] Oregon State Univ, Dept Biomed Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA
[3] Oregon State Univ, Dept Microbiol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA
关键词
FIBRONECTIN ATTACHMENT PROTEIN; BOVINE EPITHELIAL-CELLS; ACTIVATES DENDRITIC CELLS; SSP PARATUBERCULOSIS; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; JOHNES-DISEASE; PEYERS-PATCHES; INFECTION; CATTLE; ENTEROCYTES;
D O I
10.1128/IAI.00575-13
中图分类号
R392 [医学免疫学]; Q939.91 [免疫学];
学科分类号
100102 ;
摘要
The infection biology of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis has recently crystallized, with added details surrounding intestinal invasion. The involvement of pathogen-derived effector proteins such as the major membrane protein, oxidoreductase, and fibronectin attachment proteins have been uncovered. Mutations constructed in this pathogen have also shed light on genes needed for invasion. The host cell types that are susceptible to invasion have been defined, along with their transcriptional response. Recent details have given a new appreciation for the dynamic interplay between the host and bacterium that occurs at the outset of infection. An initial look at the global expression pathways of the host has shown a circumvention of the cell communication pathway by M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis, which loosens the integrity of the tight junctions. We now know that M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis activates the epithelial layer and also actively recruits macrophages to the site of infection. These notable findings are summarized along with added mechanistic details of the early infection model. We conclude by proposing critical next steps to further elucidate the process of M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis invasion.
引用
收藏
页码:3960 / 3965
页数:6
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