Leukoencephalopathy with calcifications and cysts in a child with progressive hemiparesis-A case report

With the advent of modern neuroimaging, the imaging features of various leukoencephalopathies have been unraveled in the past two decades. Leukoencephalopathy with calcifications and cysts (LCC) is one such rare autosomal recessive disorder with marked clinical heterogeneity and a striking but characteristic imaging appearance-diffuse white matter changes, intraparenchymal cysts, and calcifications. The calcifications in LCC are characteristically nodular, dense, bulky, and predominantly located in gray nuclei of the central brain (basal ganglia, thalami) and cerebellum (dentate nuclei). We describe a case of a 9-year-old boy with progressive left hemiparesis and seizures, which on imaging showed characteristic features of LCC. We further review the neuroimaging features of LCC and its differential diagnoses.