Observations of impact phenomena of spherical projectile on aggregated particles in random packing

The dynamic behavior of aggregated spherical particles subjected to the impact of a steel spherical projectile was simultaneously recorded using two high-speed video cameras at different angles. The post-impact effects of a steel projectile with an impact velocity of 1-20 m/s and an impact angle of 0-65 degrees on the dynamic behavior of aggregated particles were examined. The movement of the projectile after impact can be classified into four different types. In addition, the effects of the particle's diameter of aggregated particles and the depth of the container on the four different types of the projectile's movement were also examined. The use of small particles resulted in clear boundaries demarcating between the penetration and the horizontal movement or the rebound of the projectile.