The Endocannabinoid System and Pain

被引:335
|
作者
Guindon, Josee [1 ]
Hohmann, Andrea G. [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Georgia, Dept Psychol, Neurosci & Behav Program, Athens, GA 30602 USA
关键词
Anandamide; 2-arachidonoyl glycerol; fatty acid amide hydrolase; monoacylglycerol lipase; endocannabinoid transporter; analgesia; inflammatory; neuropathic pain; FATTY-ACID AMIDE; CANNABINOID-INDUCED ANTINOCICEPTION; DYNAMIC-RANGE NEURONS; DORSAL-HORN NEURONS; N-ARACHIDONOYLETHANOLAMINE ANANDAMIDE; MECHANICALLY-EVOKED-RESPONSES; PROTEIN-LIKE IMMUNOREACTIVITY; TRANSPORT INHIBITOR AM404; ACTIVATED-RECEPTOR-ALPHA; RAT SPINAL-CORD;
D O I
10.2174/187152709789824660
中图分类号
Q189 [神经科学];
学科分类号
071006 ;
摘要
The therapeutic potential of cannabinoids has been the topic of extensive investigation following the discovery of cannabinoid receptors and their endogenous ligands. Cannabinoid receptors and their endogenous ligands are present at supraspinal, spinal and peripheral levels. Cannabinoids suppress behavioral responses to noxious stimulation and suppress nociceptive processing through activation of cannabinoid CB1 and CB2 receptor subtypes. Endocannabinoids, the brain's own cannabis-like substances, share the same molecular target as Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol, the main psychoactive component in cannabis. Endocannabinoids serve as synaptic circuit breakers and regulate multiple physiological and pathological conditions, e. g. regulation of food intake, immunomodulation, inflammation, analgesia, cancer, addictive behavior, epilepsy and others. This review will focus on uncovering the roles of anandamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol, the two best characterized endocannabinoids identified to date, in controlling nociceptive responding. The roles of anandamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol, released under physiological conditions, in modulating nociceptive responding at different levels of the neuraxis will be emphasized in this review. Effects of modulation of endocannabinoid levels through inhibition of endocannabinoid hydrolysis and uptake is also compared with effects of exogenous administration of synthetic endocannabinoids in acute, inflammatory and neuropathic pain models. Finally, the therapeutic potential of the endocannabinoid signaling system is discussed in the context of identifying novel pharmacotherapies for the treatment of pain.
引用
收藏
页码:403 / 421
页数:19
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