The problem of fish parasites threatening the food fish populations and, consequently, human health is an important aspect of water related environmental security. Analysis of the research results shows alarming parasitological Situation with food fish populations in the Orenburg reservoirs. The fish parasites with various epidemiological values were found. Based on the research conducted for the last five years, it call be concluded that the fish parasitic fauna ill the regional ponds is not fully investigated. Further research is needed to collect the data and plan rehabilitation programs.